Sometimes called
Hashimoto's Disease, this is
part of the spectrum of auto-immune diseases and is related to
Graves'
disease, lymphocytic thyroiditis as well as other organ related
auto-immune conditions such as Addison's disease,
diabetes, premature
menopause and vitiligo. Hashimoto's is a lymphocytic and plasmacytic
thyroid inflammation that eventually destroys the thyroid. Patients
require permanent thyroid replacement.
Pituitary failure
Reduction or loss of TSH secretion by the
pituitary is a rare cause of hypothyroidism. This constellation is usually
referred to as "secondary hypothyroidism". Even rarer is tertiary
hypothyroidism that is caused either by hypothalamic lesions or by
interruption of signal transfer in the portal veins connecting the
hypothalamus to the pituitary gland (Pickardt syndrome).
Iatrogenic
Hypothyroidism may occur as an adverse
reaction to lithium used in the treatment of mood disorders, and in
response to interferon and IL-2 treatment (e.g. for cancer). It may also
be a result of the antiarrhythmic amiodarone.