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Anxiety
is a complex experience. You can consider
anxiety
similar to a combination of the feeling of
fear, apprehension and worry all at the same
time, often accompanied by physical
sensations such as the sensation of feeling
ones heart beat loudly, chest pain and/or
shortness of breath without any exertion. It
is similar to Anxiety Attack, but not as
acute, or as intense.
One who
experiences frequent bout of anxiety
resulting in serious affects on ones life
may be diagnosed clinically as having an anxiety disorder. The most common types of
anxiety disorder are generalized anxiety
disorder, Social anxiety disorder,
panic
disorder, phobias, obsessive-compulsive
disorder, and post traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). We explore these
anxiety diagnosis later on
in the article.
Symptoms of Anxiety
The physical symptoms of anxiety are caused by
an initiation of the "fight or flight"
response. This sympathetic / parasympathetic
imbalance makes the
heart,
lungs and other
parts of the body work much faster in a
perpetual state of "fight or flight". Levels
of adrenaline increase in the body. The
following anxiety symptoms can occur
as a result:
-
the
feeling of having ones stomach in knots
-
diarrhoea and/or constipation often
referred to as irritable bowel
-
dry
mouth and throat with difficulty
swallowing
-
rapid
heartbeat and/or palpitations (the feeling
of ones heart beat almost pounding out of
the chest)
-
tightness or pain in chest often hindering
the breath
-
shortness of breath without any known
reason
-
dizziness and light headedness
Psychological symptoms of anxiety can
include:
-
insomnia either with difficulty falling
asleep, or with difficulty falling back
asleep once awake.
-
Irritability and/or anger
-
inability to concentrate for even short
periods of time
-
fear of
madness
-
feeling
unreal and not in control of your actions
(depersonalisation)
Subtypes of Anxiety
-Generalized
Anxiety disorder
Generalized
anxiety disorder is a common
anxiety disorder which is chronic in nature.
Generalized
anxiety disorder affects
more women than
men, almost at a
2:1 ratio. The symptoms of generalized
anxiety disorder leads to a major affect on
the basic ins and outs of daily life.
Generalized
anxiety disorder is
characterized by long-lasting anxiety that
is not focused on any particular object or
situation. People with this anxiety disorder feel
afraid of something but are unable to
articulate the specific cause of the fear.
Those suffering from this type of anxiety
symptoms spend large amounts of time with
the inability to control their worries. The
constant state of worry increases muscle
tension and leads to an increase in;
headaches,
heart palpitations, dizziness,
and insomnia. These physical complaints,
combined with the intense, long term
anxiety, make it difficult to cope with
normal daily activities that many of us take
for granted.
-Social
Anxiety Disorder
Social
Anxiety Disorder is the fear or apprehension
of being in a social environment.
Many
subtypes of anxiety show this symptom, but
when it is concentrated as a blanket fear of
being in a social setting, the disorder is labeled, "Social Anxiety Disorder."
Individuals with social anxiety disorder experience
intense fear of being negatively evaluated
by others, or of being publicly embarrassed.
-Panic Disorder
In panic
disorder, the individual affected
experiences brief attacks of intense terror
and apprehension. Among the symptoms of
panic disorder displayed include:
The
American Psychiatric Association in 2000
defined a panic attack as fear or discomfort
that arises abruptly and peaks in 10 minutes
or less.
Although
panic disorder attacks
sometimes seem to occur out of the blue,
they generally become more frequent after
frightening experiences, and prolonged
stress. Many individuals affected in the
moment interpret panic attacks for what they
are; a result of a passing crisis or stress.
Unfortunately, others begin to worry
excessively about when the next panic attack may
appear, and some may even quit jobs or
refuse to leave the safety of their homes to
avoid the possibility of any attacks
happening at all. It is labeled panic
disorder when several apparently spontaneous
attacks lead to a persistent concern about
future attacks.
-Obsessive-Compulsive
Disorder
Obsessive
compulsive disorder is a subtype of anxiety
which is characterized by obsessions and/or
compulsions.
Obsessions are distressing,
repetitive thoughts and/or images that the
individual often realizes are senseless.
Compulsions are repetitive behaviors that
the person feels forced or compelled into
doing, in order to relieve anxiety and fear.
Some examples of obsession may include an
extreme need for cleanliness based on a fear
of contamination. This may lead to the
compulsion of having to wash ones hands
hundreds of times a day. Another example may
be the obsession of cleaning ones teeth out
of the fear of cavities. The compulsive behaviors could be brushing and flossing
hundreds of times a day to alleviate the
anxiety.
-Phobias
Phobias category involves a strong, irrational fear and avoidance of
objects, places, or situation.
The person knows the fear is
irrational, yet the anxiety remains
and can not easily be controlled.
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